On 23.4.2021, the European Commission’s draft Council Regulation on the Harmonisation of Artificial Intelligence Rules (AI ACT) was published. In it, a definition of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is found
Article 3, para. 1 – Definitions
For the purposes of this Ordinance, the following definitions shall apply
“Artificial intelligence system” (AI system) means software developed using one or more of the techniques and concepts listed in Annex I that is capable of producing results such as content, predictions, recommendations or decisions that influence the environment with which it interacts, in relation to a set of goals set by humans …
Article 5, para. 5.2.1
In order to provide the necessary legal certainty, Title I is complemented by Annex I, which details concepts and techniques for AI development and is adapted by the Commission as new technological developments arise.
Annex 1 reads:
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TECHNIQUES AND CONCEPTS
referred to in Article 3(1)
(a) concepts of machine learning, with supervised, unsupervised and
reinforcement learning using a wide range of methods,
including deep learning;
b) logic and knowledge-based concepts, including knowledge representation,
inductive (logic) programming, knowledge bases, inference and
deduction engines, (symbolic) reasoning and expert systems;
(c) Statistical approaches, Bayesian estimation, search and optimisation methods.
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